I. INTRODUCTION
A. WHY ROBOTICS?
Since the time of Robby the Robot in “Forbidden Planet”, man has dreamed of
using the mastery of technology to assist him with the toils of daily life. Since robots
don’t require food or water, since they don’t complain, and because they are inexpensive
and expendable, they seem to be a good fit for the routine, stealthy, environmentally
hazardous (chemical, biological and radioactive) and dangerous tasks usually delegated
to humans.
Today, robots are used throughout the spectrum of military conflict. Modern
examples include de-mining operations in Kosovo and Surveillance flights over
Afghanistan. Projections for future uses include urban surveillance, scout missions from
the sea, and chemical-biological hazard area detection.
1. Force Multiplication/Casualty Reduction
Robots can be used to greatly increase the combat effectiveness of the individual
soldier. For example, a robotic sensing platform will allow the soldier to observe the
battle-space with senses he does not naturally have. This could include infrared, ultra-
violet and enhanced acoustics sensors. Additionally, the expendability of the robot will
allow the soldier to expand the location of his senses to places where personal
surveillance would be too dangerous. The result is the ability to maintain battlefield
superiority while placing fewer and fewer forces in harms way.
2. Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW) Missions:
a. Surveillance
The ability of a robot to conduct covert surveillance will perform a major
role in the reduction of casualties in war. Although it is doubtful that a robot would
eliminate the need for manned surveillance of prospective points of an invasion, robotic
surveys could help to identify and eliminate candidate locations before lives are lost in
efforts to survey heavily mined or defended locations. As shown in figure 1, a sea
launched crawler could covertly swim ashore using a variety of sensors to detect the
presence of buried mines, spot hidden bunkers and then relay information to nearby
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